Comprehensive approach to implementation information technologies in all areas of documentation support
As noted earlier, today there are two approaches to the use of modern information technologies:
o improving the performance of certain types of work through the use of universal information technologies and the use of applications that implement fixed functionality (piecewise automation)
o Comprehensive implementation of information technologies in all areas of management documentation support The solution of such a complex task should be based on a single methodological approach to automating the solution of various office functions, a single set of interrelated technologies that implement this approach, as well as on a single hardware and software complex that ensures the functioning of the above complex technologies (specialized complex information systems for automation of preschool educational institutions
Complex automation systems for preschool educational institutions allow you to create an automated system for working with documents within the entire institution or enterprise and allow you to manage documentation at all stages of the life cycle of documents, including electronic ones.
Tasks of complex automation systems for preschool educational institutions
Document management systems are usually implemented to solve certain problems facing the organization. Each organization, depending on its form of ownership, size, level of automation, etc., faces its own specific tasks.
Below is a list of the most frequently encountered tasks.
Ensuring more efficient management of the organization through automatic control over the execution of instructions, transparency of the entire organization at all levels. Increased manageability is achieved through the mechanism for generating instructions and monitoring their execution. An important role in improving the manageability of the organization belongs to the mechanisms for coordinating documents, monitoring the registration and passage of external and internal documents, and means of generating planned and operational reporting on office work and workflow. A tangible result of the introduction of the system is the transparency of the progress of the passage of documents, their preparation and discussion, an increase in the executive disciplines in the organization
Maintaining a quality control system that complies with international standards. The foundational standard of the quality standards series is ISO 9000 "Standards for Quality Management and Quality Assurance - Guidelines for Selection and Application". It defines the basic principles of the management policy of organizations in the field of quality assurance Formally, or, as the ISO 9000 specialists themselves say, in the narrow sense, this obliges the enterprise to document all its activities in 20 areas (Management responsibility. Quality system. Contract analysis. Design management. Documentation and data management Purchasing Customer-supplied product management Product identification and traceability Process management Inspection and testing Inspection, measurement and testing equipment management Inspection status Management of nonconforming products Corrective and preventive actions Material handling storage, packaging, conservation and delivery Quality records management Internal quality checks Training Maintenance Statistical methods) and to ensure that business processes in the organization actually function trek with them.
Consulting companies and experts recommend using Document Management (EDM/TDM), Document Management (Workflow), Enterprise Resource Management (MRP/ERP), and Product Information and Design Data Management (PDM) systems to facilitate ISO 9000 certification.
These systems allow you to solve the following tasks:
Conduct an audit of the work of employees with information
Automate standard procedures for the enterprise
Automate change procedures
Process information about the product throughout its life cycle.
When implementing a quality management system, you are not required to use the services of a specific supplier or use only one automation system.
ISO 9000 stands for WHAT KIND actions must be performed in the enterprise to ensure quality, but not HOW you must fulfill them. Thus, there are no strict requirements for the automation tools used.
Recording the activities of the enterprise as a whole(internal internal investigations, analysis of the activities of departments, identification of "hot spots" in activities; preservation of the history of relationships with customers). Obtaining the ability to analyze the workload of employees due to the availability of complete information about the tasks issued to each performer, taking into account the deadlines for execution and the results of the work
The introduction of all departments and the organization as a whole of a unified, formalized and strictly regulated office technology. (specialists from different departments work with the same program, which means working with the same user interface, with the same directories (document types, case nomenclature, support for complex document numbering systems), with the same document templates)
Optimization of business processes and automation of the mechanism for their implementation and control. Streamlining work with documents through the use of standard templates, standard routes and the introduction of instructions for working with documents (use information from the implementation project "Directum" The use of document templates, routes, the introduction of regulations for working with documents reduce cases of return movements of documents. Due to using templates, documents are immediately correctly prepared, by using route templates they immediately reach the right employees, etc.
Exclusion of paper documents from the internal circulation of the enterprise. Saving resources by reducing the cost of managing the flow of documents in the organization. The total number of paper documents is reduced by 25-75% (from the experience of Lanit)
Translation of internal control documents into electronic form and use of electronic digital signature
A single, shared repository of documents that eliminates the need to copy them for use by multiple employees
Elimination of the need or significant simplification and reduction in the cost of storing paper documents due to the availability of an operational electronic archive.
An example of a project of the Electronic Archive Corporation is the Electronic Archive of the President of the Russian Federation. On the one hand paper documents: area 500 sq.m; time of receipt of the document 1-3 days (if any); Only one user can work on one document at a time.
On the other hand, electronic copies of documents: area 10 sq.m; document access time 6-10 sec.; preservation of originals - in most cases they are not needed.
Reducing the time for preparing decisions and documents In state structures, this is one of the problems of the efficiency of the functioning of the state apparatus. In commercial structures, this allows you to increase the competitiveness of the organization, get material gains due to a faster response to changing market conditions.
Document processing time is reduced by 75% due to a) fast transfer of source documents and information Reducing the time for sending a document between employees by 5-7 times from Lanita's experience b) reducing the time for processing correspondence, internal documents, familiarizing with documents, c) quickly bringing instructions to specific executors, d) increasing the speed of information search Reducing the search for information on a document (on requests by phone or from management) from several hours to 1 minute from Lanit's experience e) reducing the time for agreeing decisions Reducing the time for agreeing contracts from 1 month (on average) to 1 week (maximum) from the experience of Lanita;
The time for creating documents is reduced due to the use of standard templates and previously created documents, as well as a single structured storage of documents
Introduction
Information technology
Mechanization
Under
Dialogue;
Local;
Multilevel;
automated enterprise management systems differ in their focus. For example, for "Best" or "Sail-5" the priority is the sphere of trade; Infosoft is one of the leaders in the field of automation of production accounting. In addition, there are universal “enterprise management systems”: “Sail-4”, “Infin”, “Abacus”, BOSS”, “Galaktika”, “Supermanager-6-7”, etc.
However, the purpose of this article is to assess the capabilities of systems for automating personnel workflow, and only the most promising, belonging to fourth-generation systems.
Integrated system M-2 based on the application modern technologies. M-2 is a single software package based on a centralized corporate database. At the same time, the openness of the M-2 system allows the use of existing enterprise databases with integration into a single complex, as well as modern software packages (Microsoft Office 97).
The M-2 system was developed on the basis of the Oracle 7.3 database server, which ensures high speed characteristics and a high degree of reliability and data protection. Client places are developed on the Delphi 3.0 software system and can operate under Windows NT or Windows’95 operating systems.
The fundamental difference between an integrated system and an arbitrarily complex set of workstations is, first of all, in the design ideology. Workstations are designed as an automation of existing jobs, and in the future they are linked to each other. At the same time, naturally, such an information system can implement only those management technologies that were available at the enterprise at the time of its creation, since the design of the modules itself was carried out based on specific existing jobs.
The integrated system is designed immediately as a single complex, focused on modern management technologies; jobs are created in the second stage in an already created integrated environment.
In addition, AWSs created within the framework of the file server architecture do not meet modern requirements either in terms of speed characteristics or in terms of system security and reliability. At the same time, it should be noted that the work that was carried out to create workstations will not be lost. First, many elements of the created jobs can be used as modules for creating jobs within the new system, especially considering that the design of jobs takes at least 50% of the creation time. Secondly, users have gained computer skills, without which it is impossible to implement any system. Thirdly, as part of this work, a cadre of programmers who know the specifics of the enterprise has been formed, which will also be needed when writing jobs in the environment of the new integrated system. Therefore, investments in previous developments will certainly pay off. Unlike the AWS complex, the introduction of an integrated system does not just automate existing jobs, but the entire information processing system is reconstructed with the design of new jobs in relation to new technologies.
Simultaneously with the introduction of the M-2 system, training of specialists is carried out with the issuance of appropriate certificates to them. Specialists trained in this way get the right to create their own modules in the M-2 system, as well as change existing modules within the limits specified by the certificate. Thus, the enterprise does not become dependent on the company that develops the system and is able to maintain the functioning of the system on its own.
Corporate Accounting System NS2000 meets the requirements of functional completeness and is the winner of the sixth International Software Competition in the field of finance and business. The system was designed and developed using BP-WIN, ER-WIN, PROGRESS 4GL tools.
The scheme of the complex, therefore, is a set of modules, all of which can be grouped into three main areas: management, finance, logistics.
Part R/3 systems includes the Oracle Applications (Oracle Human Resources) Human Resources module, which allows you to maximize the impact of employees through effective recruitment, personnel management, training, compensation and career planning. Today, in its class of products, the Oracle Applications HR Management module is one of the most functionally complete systems for organizing the work of the personnel department of a modern enterprise.
Its use allows you to solve the following tasks:
planning of organizational changes, including modeling of structural and job hierarchies of the organization;
planning of structural units, description of the category, positions, positions, maintenance of directories, etc.;
personal accounting of employees and candidates with a complete record of their professional qualities (for optimal use of labor resources), payroll data, data on the use of working hours, track record of employees, needs for professional development and employee training results;
· analysis and reporting on standard government forms, on non-standard reporting using Oracle development tools, operational data analysis and decision support.
System “Orakl-Personnel” all the advantages of previous systems are inherent. However, it also has a number of additional benefits. The system provides the ability to work with a database system (full-time employees, dismissed employees, archive, personnel reserve, temporary employees, etc.), which significantly reduces the time for processing requests. The second undoubted advantage is the content of the registration card, which includes 102 topics (according to the decision of the State Statistics Committee, the card must contain at least 55 topics).
There is the possibility of arbitrary modification of the staffing table with automatic calculation of vacancies, as well as a developed module for processing ad hoc requests. The system provides procedures for maintaining a time sheet (personal and for a department) with automatic control of vacations, business trips, material assistance, etc. Only in some systems there are all the mandatory sections of personnel records, but only in the Oracle-Personnel system in full. Therefore, taking into account its acceptable cost (up to $500), it can be argued that at present this system is the leader among systems for automating the activities of enterprises, including all functions of automating personnel workflow.
Business Process Automation System (BAPS)- this is a class of software products that automate the description and execution of arbitrary business processes (in whole or in part), while documents, information, tasks are transferred to perform the necessary actions from one process participant to another in accordance with specified rules. The main concept of SADP is the flow of work (workflow).
Workflow is a system for ensuring the execution of workflows, within the framework of process management. Automation of business processes is not possible only through the introduction of an accounting system, since such systems do not solve the issue of interaction between participants in accounting processes. Similar problems are also designed to solve BPMS class systems. "PiterSoft: Process Management" on the 1C platform- an example of a software product of the BPMS class, which is implemented in order to resolve issues of interaction between participants in business processes.
Also, the SADP system is a subset of electronic document management systems (EDMS).
Introduction
A huge increase in the volume of information and large changes in the demand for information began to impose new requirements on the organization of information and documentation services in the organization.
The requirements for the services involved in information and documentation support began to change. Abroad, they began to be called the service of management (or management) of information and documentary resources, in our country - the service of documentary management support (DOE).
The main direction of improving the preschool educational institution, adapting it to modern conditions was the use of the latest computer and telecommunications equipment, the formation on its basis of highly efficient information and management technologies in working with documents.
The proposed teaching aid has been developed in accordance with the work program of the discipline "Information Technology in Document Management and Archiving" of the training direction "034700 Document Science and Archival Science" (6 semester, bachelor). The objectives of mastering this discipline are: the ability to create a local regulatory framework for documentation support for management and archiving, as well as the ability to document management information, rationalize document flow, document processing technologies for the purpose of their preservation and transfer to storage.
Topic 1. Basic terms and concepts
Fundamental terms and concepts: mechanization and automation, information, information technology, computer technology, computerization and informatization, automated information systems
The management activity of any organization is based on the processing of incoming official documents, regardless of the methods of their receipt and types of media, as well as the production of documentary information and official documents intended both for internal use in the organization itself and for external use.
Incoming documents with the help of special technologies are converted into the information necessary to achieve a certain result. The very concept of "technology" is used in industrial production and is defined as a system of interrelated methods of processing materials and methods of manufacturing products in the production process. In the field of documentary support of management, taking into account the specifics of the information processes on which it is based, the technology of documentary support of management is defined as a system of methods and methods for collecting, transmitting, processing, accumulating, storing documents and documentary information based on the application of uniform methodological techniques and rules.
Technologies of documentary support of management in accordance with the difference in information processes are divided into:
technologies for processing incoming and outgoing documents;
technologies for transferring (bringing) documentary information to the end user;
technologies for introducing documents into the organization's information database, based on its internal structure;
technologies for processing documentary information and accumulating documents;
· technologies of storage and use of separate local groups of documents.
Thus, the documentation support of management (DOE) covers the issues of documentation, organization of work with documents in the process of management and systematization of their archival storage.
Information technology is a set of methods, production processes and software and hardware tools combined in a technological chain that provides the collection, processing, storage, distribution and display of information in order to reduce the complexity of the processes of using an information resource, as well as increase their reliability and efficiency.
Under information and communication technologies, it is proposed to understand a set of objects, actions and rules related to the preparation, processing and delivery of information in personal, mass and industrial communication, as well as all technologies and industries that integrally provide these processes.
Information technology has become actively used due to the computerization of enterprises. Computerization is understood as the process of introducing computer technology that ensures the automation of information processes and technologies.
Computerization allows us to talk about two sets of measures: mechanization and automation of processes associated with preschool education.
Mechanization office work processes is the use of technical means to perform operations for documenting and organizing work with documents. The purpose of office mechanization is to transfer the performance of non-creative (auxiliary) operations to technical means.
Under automated information technology(AIT) management is understood as a system of methods and methods for collecting, accumulating, storing, searching, processing and protecting management information based on the use of advanced software, computer technology and communications, as well as the ways in which this information is provided to users.
According to the degree of coverage of management tasks, automated information technologies are divided into the following groups: electronic data processing; automation of control functions; decision support; electronic office; expert support.
According to the class of implemented technological operations, AIT can be divided into: systems with a text editor; spreadsheet systems; database management systems; systems with graphic objects; multimedia systems; hypertext systems.
By type of user interface, automated information technologies are divided into:
Batch (centralized processing);
Dialogue;
Network (multi-user).
According to the method of building a network, AIT can be divided into:
Local;
Multilevel;
distributed.
Topic 2 The main stages in the history of automation of preschool educational institutions and archiving
2.1. Automation of work with documents as an integral part of the automation of management processes.
2 .2. The first stage (1960s - 1970s) - the concept of automated control systems (ACS). Creation and implementation of document processing systems within the ACS. Computing centers for collective use. The first information retrieval systems (IPS). Partial automation of some clerical and archival functions.
2.3. The second stage (1980s - early 1990s) is the development of technological solutions based on a PC. Creation and development of the concept of automated workstations (AWP). The emergence of the possibility of complex automation of preschool educational institutions and archiving. Development of specialized software.
2.4. The third stage (1990s - present) is the widespread introduction and use of new information technologies, which combine computer technology, communications and office equipment. Comprehensive automation of all stages of workflow and archival storage of documents.
The need for office automation is due to the rapid improvement of the technology for the production of computers, software, and the widespread introduction of information technology. Automation has traditionally been understood as the displacement of routine mechanical labor, the “liberation” of workers. However, cost reduction is not the main objective of automation. The main goal of automation is the acquisition of new qualities of management, obtaining effective management. This concept of automation involves the reorganization of management and the redesign of the information system.
Automation of preschool educational institutions and archiving began in the 1960s of the XX century. Automation was preceded by a stage of mechanization, which began at the end of the 19th century. In the period from the end of the 19th century. until the 1950s mechanization concerned mainly departmental archives. The use of "small-scale mechanization" was episodic and was limited to the use of matrix information carriers (manual punched cards, punched tapes, codes) and counting and punching devices for solving specific problems in the field of population registration (population census), planning, reporting in production, etc.
The first stage was the time of accumulation of empirical experience in the field of creating local and interarchive automated information retrieval systems - AIPS. The growth in the scope of application of automated systems in archiving is associated primarily with the evolution of information carriers (microfilms, magnetic tapes, cards, disks, forms, etc.) and technical support (electronic punching machines, ES computers, personal computers, personal computers), as well as with the emergence of special application packages for AIPS. The process of creating automated control systems (ACS) in all sectors of the economy also had a significant impact on the automation of archiving during this period.
Automated control system (ACS) - a complex of hardware and software designed to control various processes within the technological process, production, enterprise. The creator of the first automated control systems in the USSR is Nikolai Ivanovich Veduta, Doctor of Economics, professor, corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, founder of the scientific school of strategic planning.
The most important task of the automated control system is to increase the efficiency of facility management based on the growth of labor productivity and the improvement of methods for planning the management process.
The period of the second half of the 1980s - 1990s. - associated with the beginning of spontaneous computerization, first in Moscow, and then in local state archives. The leaders of this process were the NRC TD of the USSR (RNITs KD), VNIIDAD, TsKHIDK, TsGAOR (GARF) and other archives. In the 90s. in the Russian Federation, more than 20 industry-specific automated office and documentation systems were put into operation by legislative and regulatory acts that create huge arrays of machine-readable (electronic) documents. The creation of arrays of electronic documents also takes place by digitizing paper sources in state archives (in order to create an insurance fund and a fund for use), as well as creating full-text databases. In addition, new information technologies in the field of conservation and restoration of documents, the creation of an insurance fund and a fund for use allow extending the life of valuable historical sources.
At the present stage, the state of information technology in preschool educational institutions can be characterized by:
The presence of a large volume of databases containing information about the activities of the organization;
Creation of technologies providing interactive user access to information resources;
Expanding the functionality of information systems and technologies that provide information processing, creating local multifunctional problem-oriented information systems for various purposes;
Inclusion in information systems of elements of intellectualization of the user interface, expert systems and other technological means.
Complex automation of all stages of document circulation and archival storage of documents includes: automation of work with documents, automated workstations, electronic office systems.
The federal target program "Electronic Russia (2002-2010)" states that the development and widespread use of information and communication technologies is of decisive importance for improving the efficiency of the economy, state and local government. One of the areas of using information and communication technologies in the activities of public authorities, organizations and enterprises is the "development of an electronic document management system, office work and document flow standards." The relevance of improving traditional office work is determined by the need for the effectiveness of management activities, the acceleration of the movement of documents in the organization, and the reduction of the laboriousness of document processing. The created automated system (hereinafter referred to as AS) of office work should increase the efficiency of management through the formation of a single documented information space, giving users the means to effectively collaborate with documents anywhere and at any time. Modern office automation and workflow systems (SADD) allow solving a full range of office work tasks:
Organization of complete and convenient accounting and processing of all incoming, outgoing and internal correspondence.
Saving all documents related to the activities of the organization in a more convenient and rational way, allowing you to quickly find any necessary document with the appropriate access rights.
Tracking the status of each document, the route of its movement, as well as the relationship with other documents.
Ensuring that document processing requirements are met in a timely manner.
Modern office automation systems allow you to build a complete system for managing document processing processes and monitoring their implementation. SADD covers all processes of creating, processing, replicating, transferring and storing documents, as well as automates the main procedures of modern office work. The life cycle of a document, from creation to its disposal or destruction, is represented as successive stages, each of which the document passes over a certain period of time. Office automation systems allow you to automatically record the transition of a document from one stage to another.
At present, the presence of a successfully operating system of automation of office work and document flow speaks of the well-being of the institution and its management. This means the complete controllability of those subordinate to the leadership of the apparatus, their competence, solidarity, discipline and interest in the most successful implementation of the assigned work. The automated system makes it possible to carry out prompt and efficient exchange of information between all parts of the production process, reduces the time required for the preparation of specific tasks, and eliminates the possible occurrence of errors in the preparation of reporting documentation. The introduction of an automated system will provide convenience in work, rational organization of production and reduction of psychological stress. Also, physiological loads will decrease, because. with the introduction of appropriate software, the time spent on the same work will significantly decrease. This will positively affect the worker's performance, because. will lead to a decrease in the amount of processed information, and the staff will have additional time to analyze and make management decisions.
Management documentation is the basis of the activity of a modern organization - up to 85% of information resources of almost any management structure are concentrated in documents. In this regard, the processes of documentation and workflow have become self-contained and require their own automated control systems.
Over the past 10-15 years, office automation has experienced a revolution in the field of work with documents. If earlier the office automation system was considered as a system for automating the activities of mainly technical staff of offices, secretariats, archives related to the preparation, registration, movement, execution control and search for documents, now the authors themselves are involved in compiling and sending documents using networked PCs and executors of documents. They are now direct participants in the technology of documentary support - from the moment of creating documents to the control of execution and work with the document archive. The automation system for documentation and workflow has become a decisive tool for improving the efficiency of the work of employees involved in decision-making, and, accordingly, the activities of the organization as a whole.
Currently, an organization that wants to get modern solutions for the creation of automated technology for preschool educational institutions has a fairly wide choice - from the acquisition of individually designed information systems in the case of large organizations to ready-made integrated systems - for small and medium-sized organizations.
Organizations that have set themselves the goal of automating office work have to solve a number of problems. Here are some of them:
In organizations, there is often no clear understanding of what actually should be automated in the technology of business processes. There is a lack of specialists who are both versed in office work and well aware of the market and the capabilities of software systems in the field of automation of documentary support for management. Advertising information is poor in content and does not always correspond to the truth, the lack of a common terminology interferes with mutual understanding between the customer of the system and its manufacturer, etc.;
The organization will have to develop and implement a serious set of measures to streamline management processes and record keeping procedures that reflect them. It is required to streamline the distribution of responsibilities, delegation of authority, to establish clearly who solves what tasks and at what level, to determine the procedure for agreeing documents, their approval and signing, etc., i.e., ultimately, to optimize the management system;
Organizations, when implementing automation of preschool educational institutions, need to decide on the choice of one of two approaches that conventionally document specialists call "Russian" and "Western".
Traditionally, the Russian technology of working with documents assumes three levels of hierarchy: the head of the organization - the office work service - the executor. Western traditions are associated with the personal responsibility of the executor for the document and the corresponding decisions on it, therefore they contain two levels of hierarchy: the head of the highest management level - the executor (manager).
The Russian tradition involves the mandatory registration of each document from the moment it appears in the organization, as well as a detailed regulated and centrally controlled "pre-archive" document flow. The technology of preschool educational institutions is largely enshrined in state standards, instructions and manuals. The entire complex of work with documents in registration journals or typewritten file cabinets is tracked.
The traditions of Western office work are associated with the personal responsibility of the manager for the document and its execution (it is typical that the word “document flow” itself is absent in the English language). Registration of documents is carried out directly by the contractor, there is no centralized control of execution. The subject of regulation in traditional Western document management systems is the systematic storage of already executed documents (similar to domestic archival storage). It is on the basis of this tradition that the concept of Western electronic document management systems was formed. Hence the difficulty of using electronic document management technologies in Russian office work based on Western software systems. Appropriate adaptation of Western products to Russian conditions that have developed over the centuries is required.
When choosing a DOW automation option, the customer organization must make a choice between two classes of document management systems - Workflow and Groupware.
Both classes of systems are focused on automating teamwork in the office. At the same time, when choosing a methodology for building an automated system in a particular organization, one should take into account how it corresponds to the management style and management system adopted in it.
The fact is that Workflow-type systems include systems focused on automating the work of an entire corporation (i.e., on the joint work of several work groups), supporting a clear separation of business processes and routing work in a network of performers. With regard to document management, this means that the relevant documentation is strictly tied to management procedures based on the distribution of functions between employees of the administrative apparatus. In this case, the document flow is, as it were, superimposed on the technological procedures of management. Workflow type systems are more acceptable for large organizations and government agencies.
The Groupware type refers to systems that do not have a hard-coded business scheme. - processes and which are designed to operate in a small team - a working group (5-100 people). Groupware elements are e-mail, document base, collective organizer.
The choice of an automated document management system by an organization should ultimately be based on the composition of the necessary requirements for software products offered on the market, which can be reduced to the following characteristics:
Used office technologies;
Compliance with the main tasks of office work;
Functional characteristics of systems (functional completeness, openness, etc.);
Software implementation (support for distributed mode, etc.);
Cost indicators.
Above, we briefly described office work technologies based on Russian and Western traditions. Let us briefly touch on the characteristics of software systems in the corresponding direction.
Software systems that implement Russian technology are designed for use in public institutions and organizations, they preserve all the traditions and norms of office work adopted in a particular management structure. The task of such systems is to provide support for paper workflow, reduce the complexity of routine document processing operations. However, these systems can significantly expand the scope of traditional documenting and workflow processes by processing documents on a personal computer. Systems of this direction are a kind of bridges for a gradual transition from paper to paperless technologies. Automation systems for preschool educational institutions using this technology include:
DELO system (a product of the Electronic Office Systems company);
System "Cinderella-\\"1!\i. Office correspondence (STC IRM, Moscow).
In subclause 7.8.4, the functionality of the DELO systems will be presented in more detail.
Western-style software systems are focused on the fullest possible use of electronic documents and means of collective work of users, the absence of intermediate links, which in turn determines the change in existing office processes in the organization, their optimization, and the development of new technologies for working with documents.
The main feature of the "Western" technology is the modeling of specific real workflow processes and the adjustment of software systems to these models. As a rule, the system is delivered to the customer not in the form of a stand-alone “boxed” product alienated from the developer, but as a set of software tools from which a ready-made solution is assembled.
When adapting the system to specific processes of the organization, the necessary functional components are installed on the personal computers of employees (role workstation) that allow solving a certain range of tasks, in accordance with the role of each employee in a particular procedure of the organization's workflow. The system administrator forms business functions that determine the routes for the movement of documents according to the structure of the organization, i.e., according to its divisions and individual employees.
The systems of this direction in the Russian Federation are widely represented by the following three classes of automated information systems:
Systems developed by Russian companies based on DBMS: Lan-Docs - Lanit JSC; OPTIMA-WorkFlow - Optima company; "Code" - State Enterprise "Center for Computer Development"; "AquaDoc" - the company "Aquarius Consulting", etc.;
Systems developed by Russian companies using LotusNotes technology: СompanyMedia - Inter Trust; "BOSS-Referent" - IT company; "Eskado" - ZAO Interprokom LAN and others:
Russified versions of popular Western systems: "Documentum 4i" - Documentum company; DOCSOpen - Hummingbird Company; "LotusDomino \ Notes" - IBN corporation; "DocuLive" - concern Siemens; "WorkExpeditor" - Compaq Corporation, etc.
For comparison, further in clause 7.8.4 and clause 7.8.5, the characteristics of two software systems are given - "DELO" and "BOSS-Referent", oriented respectively to Russian and Western technologies of documenting and workflow.
Management activity in any organization is also based on the processing of information and the production of new information, which allows us to talk about the existence of a technology for converting initial data into effective information. Equipping individual workplaces with computers did not bring the desired results, although it accelerated the process of creating and editing draft documents, reduced the number of errors and improved the overall appearance of computer printouts compared to typewriting.
At this stage of computerization of preschool educational institutions, the most important are workstation software.
The software of any computer is divided into system and application.
System software designed to ensure the operation of computer systems as such. They include:
- test, diagnostic and anti-virus programs;
- Operating Systems;
- command-file shells.
These are general-purpose software tools, it should be noted that there is a tendency to expand the capabilities of the next generations of operating systems, including by integrating all of the above software tools into them.
Among applied software necessary for the computerization of documentation support for management activities, we can distinguish:
widely used types:
- systems for preparing text documents;
- personal information systems;
- database management systems;
- text recognition programs;
- exit programs to the external environment;
- systems for processing financial and economic information;
less common specialized, requiring special user training:
- presentation preparation systems;
- project management systems;
- expert systems and decision support systems;
- systems of intelligent design and improvement of control systems.
Systems for preparing text documents designed to organize the production technology of management documents and various information materials of a textual nature. According to their capabilities, they are divided into text editors; word processors; desktop publishing systems.
Text editor (text editor) provides input, modification and saving of any symbolic text, but it is intended mainly for preparing texts of programs that do not require formatting, i.e. automatic transformation of the arrangement of text elements, font changes, etc.
The use of a text editor for preparing and printing a document at a qualitative level corresponds to the use of an electric typewriter, only more productive due to the ease of repetition, printing from a workpiece stored in electronic memory and the possibility of both correcting typos and partially processing text by inserting or deleting new ones. fragments.
Of the many available editor programs, one can single out Norton Editor, Side Kick, Brief, multi-functional multi-window Multi-Edit editor, Turbo system editors.
One of the most important properties of word processors is the complete correspondence of a paper document to the image of a copy on the screen. An important role in choosing a word processor is played by the amount of memory occupied, integration with other software products. Each user has his own style of working on a document (which is convenient for one group of users, for another is a hindrance). Therefore, the most attractive for the document developer are those programs in which it is possible to customize the interface to suit your tastes and needs.
Word processors have special features that are designed to make it easier to enter text and present it in printed form. Preliminary configuration of the word processor and the printer on which the text is supposed to be printed will allow:
- display text that provides a given view of the page on the screen, giving an idea of the actual location of the text on paper after printing;
- pre-set parameters such as paragraph indents, headings, font type and size for various text elements, line spacing, number of text columns, location and numbering of footnotes, etc.;
- automatically check spelling and get hints when choosing synonyms;
- display and edit tables and formulas;
- combine documents in the process of preparing the text for printing;
- automatically generate a table of contents and alphabetical reference.
But almost all word processors (and their versions) have a unique data structure for representing text, which is explained by the need to include additional information in the text that describes the structure of the document. Therefore, text prepared with one word processor often cannot be read and therefore edited and typed by others. Printing can be done on any type of printer, including dot matrix.
For the compatibility of text documents when transferring them from one word processor environment to another, you must install a special software- converters that provide the output file in the format of the word processor-recipient of the document.
Word processors that allow you to prepare and print complex and large documents, including books, include: Microsoft Word, WordPerfect, WordStar 2000, Lexicon, etc. However, for most offices, Word and WordPerfect systems are not needed: they are complex and contain many unclaimed features.
The second group of word processors has significantly fewer features, but they are easier to use, faster and require less memory, they are easier to use. These include Beyond Word Writer, Professional Write, Symantec Jus, Write, DacEasy Word. But Microsoft Word, versions 6.0, 97, 2000, 2002 has become the de facto standard for Russian offices.
Desktop publishing houses prepare texts according to the rules of polygraphy and with typographical quality. Desktop publishing houses, in fact, are a layout designer's tool and are intended not so much for creating documents, but for implementing various kinds of printing effects. They allow you to easily manipulate text, change page formats, indent sizes, and make it possible to combine different fonts. Texts prepared by desktop publishers are printed only on laser printers.
Professional-level systems include QuarkXPress for Windows, FrameMaker for Windows, PageMaker for Windows. Mastering difficult-to-use "desktop printing" is hardly appropriate for those who only occasionally need to beautifully prepare a postcard, letter or announcement.
Microsoft Publisher, Pageplusfor Windows systems are not intended for industrial printing products. They are used occasionally, for replicating colorful documents in a small company. They are aimed at the user, who devotes only part of his working time to publishing.
The proposed classification of text preparation systems is largely conditional, since new improved versions appear, which blurs the boundaries between classes.
Personal information systems are intended for information service of the workplace of a managerial employee and, in essence, perform the functions of a secretary or an electronic organizer:
- planning personal time at various time levels with the possibility of a timely reminder of the onset of planned events;
- maintenance of personal or other file cabinets with the possibility of automatic selection of the necessary information;
- connection via telephone lines with logging of telephone conversations and performance of functions specific to multifunctional telephone sets;
- maintenance of personal information notebooks for storing a variety of personal information.
Database management systems designed to create, store and manipulate large data arrays. Different systems of this class differ in the ways of organizing data storage and processing search requests, as well as the nature of the information stored in the database. These systems work both on a personal computer and when working in a computer network.
Systems for processing financial and economic information designed for processing numerical data characterizing various production, economic and financial phenomena and objects, and compiling relevant management documents and information and analytical materials. These include:
- universal spreadsheet processors;
- specialized accounting programs;
- specialized programs for financial and economic analysis and planning.
The spreadsheet processor is a mandatory component of any integrated office suite or system:
- Corel Office Professional by Corel;
- Word Perfect Suite for Windows by Corel;
- Microsoft Works for Windows;
- MS Office for MAC by Microsoft;
- Microsoft Office Professional for Windows;
- SmartSuite for Win by Lotus.
With the advent of the Windows operating system, versions of spreadsheet processors oriented to work in this environment were developed: Excel, Lotus, Corel Quattro.
Presentation preparation systems designed to prepare graphic and text materials used for demonstration purposes at presentations, business negotiations, conferences. Modern technologies for preparing presentations are characterized by the connection to traditional graphics and text of video and audio information, which allows us to talk about the implementation of hypermedia technologies.
Today, the above programs are rarely considered in isolation from each other. All of them are part of the integrated office suites. In addition to the system for preparing text documents, the package includes a spreadsheet, a presentation graphics program and a database management system (DBMS), a personal planner, etc.
For example, the WordPerfect word processor is not currently sold as a standalone product, but only as part of the Corel Office Professional suite. The application software market is dominated by three companies: Microsoft, Corel and Lotus. All of them develop according to general laws. First of all, this is complete unification: a common user interface and uniform approaches to solving such typical tasks as managing files, editing, formatting, printing, working with e-mail and searching for help system tips, integration with the global computer network Internet.
Application systems programs are equipped with tools for teamwork: they have tools for editing and saving documents of basic types in HTML format for the Internet.
Office systems for preparing text documents provide tools for marking, tracking and editing corrections, which greatly simplifies the process of taking into account the opinions of the team of authors. Notes are available for commenting on a document without changing it. To make changes directly to the text, there is a correction recording mode that allows you to track where text or graphics have been added, deleted or moved in the document. Collaboration tools include version tracking and pop-up windows with the author's name and the date the changes were made.
When a computer is connected to a common network, e-mail and a mailing list make it possible to bring information to all correspondents. The return receipt facility, which is built into most modern mail systems, allows you to control the time when the information was actually received and track the appropriate action.
It is possible to restrict the circle of persons who have access to the document, and the rights of each of them to make changes: the document can be read-only, it can be forbidden to save the document under any other name or change its styles, or, conversely, the user can be given full access rights.
So, the extended edition of Microsoft Office XP, in addition to the Microsoft World word processor, contains:
- spreadsheet - Excel;
- database management system - Access;
- personal planner - Outlook;
- presentation tool - Power Point;
- e-mail system - Outlook Express;
- web page creation tool - Front Page;
- photo processing tool - Photo Editor.
Project Management Systems designed for planning and managing resources of various types (material, technical, financial, personnel, information) in the implementation of complex research and design and construction work.
Expert systems and decision support systems designed to implement technologies for information support of managerial decision-making processes based on the use of economic and mathematical modeling and the principles of artificial intelligence.
Intelligent Design and Control Improvement Systems designed to use the so-called CASE-technologies (Computer Aid System Engineering), focused on the automated development of design solutions for the creation and improvement of organizational management systems.
All modern office suites and operating systems are adapted to work in a network configuration; information technology has replaced automated workstations.
Information technology- this is a system of methods and ways of collecting, transmitting, accumulating, processing, storing, presenting and using information based on the use of technical means.
Each specific information process can be implemented by a separate technology using its own technical base, a technical means management system - for computer technology, these are software tools - and organizational and methodological support - rules, instructions.
But management activity is based on the implementation of almost all of the listed types of information technologies in accordance with the sequence and content of the individual stages of the decision-making process. Therefore, modern information technologies for management activities are based on the integrated use of various types of information processes on the basis of a single technical complex, the basis of which is computer technology. In this regard, it is not entirely correct that modern or new information technologies are understood only as computer technologies.
At present, we are talking about a structural human-machine control unit that is being optimized in the process of work: the capabilities of computers are expanding due to the structuring of the tasks being solved by the user and replenishing its knowledge base, and the user's capabilities - by automating those tasks that were previously inappropriate to be transferred to computer for economic or technical reasons.
Modern office information technologies are based on both personal and corporate computers.
Personal computers are computing systems, all the resources of which are fully aimed at ensuring the activity of one workplace of a managerial worker. This is the most numerous class of computer technology, which includes personal computers IBM PC and compatible with them, as well as Macintosh computers from Apple.
Corporate computers are multi-user computing systems that have a central unit of high computing power with significant information resources, to which a large number of workstations with minimal equipment are connected: video terminal, keyboard, positioning device, printing device.
The modern field of using corporate computers is the implementation of information technologies for management activities in large financial and industrial organizations, the organization of various information systems that serve a large number of users within the same function: exchange and banking systems, booking and selling tickets for providing transport services to the population, etc. P.
At present, the tendency to combine computers and workplaces into computer networks of various sizes prevails, which allows integrating resources for the most efficient implementation of information technologies, because personal computers can also be used as workplaces connected to the central unit of a corporate computer.
The fundamental difference between computer information technologies and the previously existing ones is not only in automating the processes of changing the form or location of information, but also in changing its content.
There are two strategies for developing the implementation of modern information technologies in management activities.
The first is that information technology is adapting to the organizational structure in its current form, and the existing methods of work are being modernized:
jobs are rationalized, functions are redistributed between technical workers and specialists in favor of the latter;
there is an optimization of the functions of collecting and processing information - the physical flow of documents, with the decision-making function - the information flow;
communication issues are still playing a secondary role.
The second - the organizational structure is being modernized in such a way that information technology has the greatest effect:
the main strategy is to maximize the development of communications and the development of new organizational relationships that were previously not economically feasible;
new jobs are introduced, old positions are eliminated, the projected redistribution of duties is carried out among almost all employees of the company;
new regulatory and methodological support for the organization of documentation support is being developed, continuous retraining of employees in working with new technologies is being carried out;
the productivity of the organizational structure increases, because electronic data archives are redistributed, the volume of documentary information circulating through the channels is reduced to achieve a balance of each managerial level and the volume of tasks to be solved.
So, the first strategy focuses on the existing structure and existing relationships in the organization, while the degree of risk from implementation is minimized, costs are minimal and the organizational structure is not rationalized; the second - to the future structure, in which the system expands strictly in accordance with information needs, in the given parameters, but without taking into account the human factor. In any case, the approach to the use of computer technology is changing: it becomes the basis for equipping workplaces. Due to the universality of the software used, there is a technological, methodological, organizational integration of information systems and processes.
The creation and implementation of integrated systems for automation of documentary support of management pursues the achievement of the following goals:
in the field of document processing:
- ensuring the improvement of the efficiency and quality of work with documents, streamlining the workflow, ensuring control over execution;
- creation of conditions for the transition from traditional paper workflow to electronic paperless technology;
- creation of the necessary conditions for increasing the share of intellectual productive labor for meaningful and semantic work with documents and reducing labor costs for routine operations;
- ensuring the improvement of the quality of documents created in the organization;
- elimination of duplication of work on entering information about the document in various areas of work with it;
in the field of execution control:
- ensuring automated control of the passage of documents in the divisions of the organization from the moment they are received or created until the completion of the execution of sending or processing in the case, timely informing employees and management about the documents received and being created, eliminating the loss of documents;
- ensuring automated proactive control over the timely execution of documents, instructions from the highest bodies of state power and administration, instructions and instructions from the management of the organization, prompt receipt of information about the status of execution and the location of any document;
- reduction of terms of passage and execution of documents;
in the field of organization of access to information:
- ensuring centralized storage of texts of documents prepared in electronic form, and their graphic images, as well as all related materials (registration cards of documents, resolutions, accompanying documents) with the possibility of organizing logical linking of documents related to one issue, and online search (selection) of documents according to the thematic set of props.
The introduction of a software automation system for preschool educational institutions should create a hardware and software basis for a single system covering all departments of the organization. It is expected to achieve the following goals:
- a single procedure for individual and joint work with documents in the divisions of the organization;
- consolidation of streams of electronic documents between divisions of the organization;
- use of a system of indexation (numbering) of documents common for all organizations, common reference books-classifiers (such as a list of organizations, nomenclature of cases), a single form of a registration and control card (RCC) of documents, etc .;
- ensuring the unification of management documentation and reducing the number of forms and types of uniform documents.
Currently, the market for software systems in the field of office automation and workflow is characterized by the following features:
- Selling firms do not have a common terminology and many do not have a clear positioning of their products.
- Organizations often lack understanding of what a particular system can and cannot do, as it is difficult to understand the information contained in promotional leaflets: technical information there is little in such descriptions, and the one that is given does not always emphasize the merits of the advertised software product.
- There is no clear understanding of what needs to be done in terms of automation of documentary management support at enterprises.
The software systems that implement the first version of the strategy do not break the Russian technology, are focused on use in public institutions and preserve all the traditions and norms of office work adopted in a particular organization. The task of such systems is to provide support for paper workflow, reduce the complexity of routine document processing operations. Such systems can significantly expand the scope of traditional office and workflow processes by processing documents on a personal computer. Systems of this direction are a kind of "bridges" for a gradual transition from paper to paperless documents. Automation systems of this technology include: "Business"; "1C: Enterprise", etc.
The main feature of Western technology software products is the modeling of workflow processes and customization for these models of information systems. Developments in the key of this strategy are focused on the fullest possible use of electronic documents and means of collective work of users, the elimination of intermediate links in the workflow, and the development of new technologies for working with documents. The routes of movement of documents in the organization, in its divisions and employees, are formed by the system administrator.
When adapting the system to the specific processes of the organization, only the necessary functional components are installed on the personal computers of employees, allowing them to solve a certain range of tasks in accordance with the role of each employee in the organization's workflow.
Systems in this area include:
Russified versions of popular Western systems:
DocsOpen (PC DOCS);
LinkWorks (DEC);
Staffware (Staffware PLS)
Lotus Notes (Lotus-IBM);
software solutions created by Russian companies based on Western systems:
Office Media system (Lotus Notes);
a set of programs "Office work" (Lotus Notes);
Cinderella-Cabinet system (Lotus Notes);
solutions of JSC Vest (DocsOpen);
Optima system (MS Exchange, MS SQL);
own developments of Russian companies: LanDocs system; effect office; KADO; "Document2000"; "Kron"; search engine "Euphrates".
The "Delo" system of CJSC "Electronic Office Systems" is designed to automate office work based on traditional domestic technologies and document support for the management activities of state organizations.
The Delo system provides the following features:
- tracking all stages of office operations and the results of work on the main functional processes of organizations and institutions;
- unified registration of all incoming correspondence, including letters and appeals from citizens, by creating a registration card in which information about the document is entered, followed by sending correspondence for consideration by management and structural divisions. Both documents received from outside and documents created within departments are registered. These include incoming, outgoing documents, citizens' appeals;
- entering the texts of resolutions, including repeated ones, and appointing executors for them;
- sending resolutions and documents to the workplaces of users-executors;
- sending reports of executors on the document to responsible executors and (or) authors of resolutions;
- registration of the movement of documents (document flow) within the organization, including the movement of paper originals and paper copies of documents and relevant resolutions, performance reports, approval (approval) of documents;
- monitoring the timely execution of instructions, appeals of institutions, organizations, resolutions and instructions of the management; verification of the correctness and timeliness of the execution of documents;
- consolidation and grouping of documents registered in the office management system, according to various criteria;
- performing a search on a set of details of registration cards and resolutions in order to exercise the functions of monitoring the execution of documents, conducting reference and analytical work;
- entering information about sending outgoing documents to recipients with the creation of document distribution registers;
- obtaining information materials, summaries, reports for submission to management;
- receipt and printing of statistical certificates and reports, as well as registration cards to ensure compatibility with traditional office technology;
- storage of electronic images of documents;
- writing off documents to the case in accordance with the nomenclature of cases adopted in the organization and, if necessary, extracting them from the case;
- recording the user's work with the system, including work with registration cards and resolutions.
System "BOSS-Referent" by IT Co. is developed on the basis of the Lotus Notes product of Lotus Development Corporation, which is a design tool for group work support systems and can be considered as a standard in this area. The Lotus Notes environment and applications created on its basis meet the basic requirements for a unified document management system for large organizations, and, in particular, the following:
accounting processing of all types of documents. Databases can store almost any type of information and organize accounting and control of the passage of documents by internal means. The system provides the construction of various forms for registering documents, including both formal details and the content of the documents themselves. If necessary, the actual content of the document can be stored in a separate database, including as an image of a scanned paper document;
number uniqueness. The system has the ability to assign unique numbers to documents, including in a distributed computer network;
support for working with the text of the document. It is possible to include in documents files prepared in other word processors (Microsoft Word, Word Pro, etc.) that support the embedding mechanism and object linking, as well as in spreadsheets and graphics packages. Notes includes full-text search tools and a powerful query builder;
coherence of documents. A Notes document can include an unlimited number of links to other Notes documents, including those stored in other databases;
consistency with other subsystems. The Notes system, along with the means of its extension, provides the ability to integrate with other information subsystems, in particular mail, as well as with systems that work with relational databases;
distributed workflow. Notes is a highly scalable system, from a single personal computer to systems with dozens of servers, each of which can be connected to several hundred users. Each server can host multiple databases. The required information is distributed between these databases, and the information required for all users is periodically synchronized;
Access limitation. Data protection is implemented at all levels: server, database, form, document, document section and individual field. When a communication session is established, the user must be authenticated. Electronic signature and data encryption are supported.
The choice of a specific package of software products (systems) for more or less complete automation of documentation support for management and their installation are currently not regulated. Based on their material, financial and other capabilities, each organization itself acquires them on the market of office software products and services. Without a serious study and familiarization with the current model, on the basis of advertising descriptions, the advantages and disadvantages of each of the listed systems in the field of organizing documentation support for management is difficult to find out.
For a particular organization, not the whole set of consumer properties of systems is often important, but only some of them. The presence or absence of a desired property can become the main criterion for choosing a system. On the other hand, the developers of all systems are constantly working to improve them, and each of them may have certain features that were absent in earlier versions.
The results of the comparison of various software products for automation of documentation management support are relative and cannot indicate the absolute advantages and disadvantages of a particular system. Therefore, when choosing an automation system, you should do:
- assessment of the advertised systems in terms of their suitability for automating workflow in a particular organization, as well as the desired depth of reorganization of the existing DOW processes;
- assessment of the basic information technologies used in software products, taking into account the prospects for their use, as well as the forecast for the overall development of automation technologies for preschool educational institutions in the short term;
- careful study and verification of the capabilities of the workflow automation system to ensure work within the framework of the current regulatory framework: giving documents legal force, maintaining registration databases during the periods of storage of the documents themselves, timely output to a reliable medium of documents with long and permanent storage periods, etc.
The level of automation of technological processes for working with documents today acts as an important evaluation criterion associated with priority areas for improving the document management support (DOW). The presence or absence of automated technology in an organization, and in the short term - a corporate document management system, can be considered as a formal indicator that makes it possible to judge the quality and efficiency of work.
The needs of workflow automation and advances in the field of new information technologies lead to a constant increase in offers on the software market. Now on the market there are software products that provide the ability not only to perform the traditional functions of registration, execution control and search for documents, but also to provide various document management functions and use elements of electronic document management. Unlike the systems introduced in the 80s of the last century, which were aimed at minimizing labor costs when performing specific operations in office work (for example, when registering and controlling the execution of documents), modern tools allow you to create an automated system for working with documents throughout the institution. or businesses.
Currently, developers offer not only custom-made developments, but also "boxed" options, i.e., replicated developments that take into account typical needs for workflow automation. Accordingly, the choice of a software product for workflow automation is becoming an urgent task for many organizations in various industries.
To automate office processes in UDOiV, it is necessary to form the basic requirements for the system, taking into account the specifics of the institution, and to identify from the existing systems the one that will meet the following requirements.
First of all, an automated document management system (ADMS) must perform all the tasks of document management support in full: preparation of documents, their registration, execution control, search for documents, their storage and reference work on an array of documents. The system should be built on uniform methodological principles, software, hardware and technological solutions and within the framework of the current organizational and legal conditions in the form of domestic legislation, state standards, instructions and requirements. The ASUD should ensure the full use (integration) of the accumulated information resource and implement the principle of a single input of information and its multiple use both documentarily and in fact. The system should also help to choose the routes of movement of documentation within the organization, providing the necessary degree of protection of information from unauthorized access.
So, a corporate workflow automation system for UDO and V must meet the following functional and system-technical requirements.
A. Functional requirements
They are focused on the compliance of the proposed technology with state regulations and corporate standards of the DOW, ensuring the convenience of using the system.
1. Office work
Creation of documents (use of templates)
Registration of documents
· Monitoring the execution of documents
Information and reference work (search for a registration card)
・Maintaining the nomenclature of cases
Preparation of statistical data on document flow
· Automatic input of information from paper media
2. Organizing an electronic archive
Document archiving
Full featured search
Document storage security
Organization of access to archive documents
3. Ensuring the tasks of electronic document management
Technology of the electronic digital signature (EDS)
Working with electronic files
· Means of cryptoprotection
Registration of documents received via electronic communication channels
4. Document management
Management of document flows within the organization
· Transfer of documents for execution
Control of the movement (transfer) of documents
Control of user actions
Document routing
· Coordination of documents
Regulation of access to registration cards and document files
5. Business process management
Collaborate on documents in real time
· Work with remote offices and divisions
· Creation of reporting on any details and in any sections
Receiving notifications from the electronic document management system
· Work with directories
B. System and technical requirements
System and technical requirements should take into account the compliance of the evaluated products with the system and technical platform used.
1. Software implementation
· Client-server technology
Internet technology
Support for open systems standards
Availability of application development tools
Availability of document scanning tools
· User-friendly interface
2. Network OS for the server part
Windows Server 2008
3. Network OS for the client side
4. Operational requirements
Reliability of the automated system
System security
· System administration
The number of simultaneously working users - up to 100
5. Adaptability
Simplicity and convenience in the implementation of the system
Ease of system setup
Possibility of system development
Thus, the choice of a software product can be considered the first step towards creating a corporate workflow automation system. Clearly defined goals and requirements for the system make this choice more balanced and consistent. This creates the most important prerequisites for the successful implementation of the system and the work of users with it.